Desh also Raag Desh is a Hindustani classical raga.
The raga emerges from Khamaj thaat. The parent-scale or Thaat of Khamaj, notated in sargam notation, has the following structure: Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Dha Ni Sa. In Western terms, assuming the tonic (Sa) to be at C, the scale would be: C D E F G A B-flat C. Khamaj thaat is thus equivalent to the mixolydian mode in Western classical music.
The Carnatic music equivalent of the Khamaj Thaat is Harikambhoji, the 28th Melakarta raga.
The raga is of Audav-sampurna nature, i.e., in its arohana (ascent) only five notes are used, whereas the avarohana (descent) uses all the seven notes. Shuddha Ni is used in the arohana, while Komal Ni (represented as ni below) is used in avarohana. All other swaras are shuddha.
Arohana: Sa Re, Ma Pa Ni,Sa.
Avarohana: Sa ni Dha, Pa Dha Ma Ga Re, Pa Ma Ga, Re Ga Ni Sa.
Pakad: Re, Ma Pa Ni, Sa Re ni Dha Pa,ma Ga Re
The vadi swara is Re, and the samvadi is Pa.
The raga is to be sung during the second quarter of the night.
The southwestern summer monsoons occur from June through September. The Thar Desert and adjoining areas of the northern and central Indian subcontinent heats up considerably during the hot summers. This causes a low pressure area over the northern and central Indian subcontinent. To fill this void, the moisture-laden winds from the Indian Ocean rush in to the subcontinent. These winds, rich in moisture, are drawn towards the Himalayas. The Himalayas act like a high wall, blocking the winds from passing into Central Asia, and forcing them to rise. As the clouds rise their temperature drops and precipitation occurs. Some areas of the subcontinent receive up to 10,000 mm (390 in) of rain annually.
The southwest monsoon is generally expected to begin around the beginning of June and fade away by the end of September. The moisture-laden winds on reaching the southernmost point of the Indian Peninsula, due to its topography, become divided into two parts: the Arabian Sea Branch and the Bay of Bengal Branch.
The Arabian Sea Branch of the Southwest Monsoon first hits the Western Ghats of the coastal state of Kerala, India, thus making this area the first state in India to receive rain from the Southwest Monsoon. This branch of the monsoon moves northwards along the Western Ghats(Konkan and Goa) with precipitation on coastal areas, west of the Western Ghats. The eastern areas of the Western Ghats do not receive much rain from this monsoon as the wind does not cross the Western Ghats.
The Bay of Bengal Branch of Southwest Monsoon flows over the Bay of Bengal heading towards North-East India and Bengal, picking up more moisture from the Bay of Bengal. The winds arrive at the Eastern Himalayas with large amounts of rain. Mawsynram, situated on the southern slopes of the Khasi Hills in Meghalaya, India, is one of the wettest places on Earth. After the arrival at the Eastern Himalayas, the winds turns towards the west, travelling over the Indo-Gangetic Plain at a rate of roughly 1–2 weeks per state[citation needed], pouring rain all along its way. June 1 is regarded as the date of onset of the monsoon in India, as indicated by the arrival of the monsoon in the southernmost state of Kerala.
The monsoon accounts for 80% of the rainfall in India[citation needed]. Indian agriculture (which accounts for 25% of the GDP and employs 70% of the population) is heavily dependent on the rains, for growing crops especially like cotton, rice, oilseeds and coarse grains. A delay of a few days in the arrival of the monsoon can badly affect the economy, as evidenced in the numerous droughts in India in the 1990s.
The monsoon is widely welcomed and appreciated by city-dwellers as well, for it provides relief from the climax of summer heat in June.[26] However, the roads take a battering every year. Often houses and streets are waterlogged and slums are flooded despite drainage systems. A lack of city infrastructure coupled with changing climate patterns causes severe economical loss including damage to property and loss of lives, as evidenced in the 2005 flooding in Mumbai that brought Mumbai to a standstill. Bangladesh and certain regions of India like Assam and West Bengal, also frequently experience heavy floods during this season. Recently, areas in India that used to receive scanty rainfall throughout the year, like the Thar Desert, have surprisingly ended up receiving floods due to the prolonged monsoon season.
The influence of the Southwest Monsoon is felt as far north as in China's Xinjiang. It is estimated that about 70% of all precipitation in the central part of the Tian Shan Mountains falls during the three summer months, when the region is under the monsoon influence; about 70% of that is directly of "cyclonic" (i.e., monsoon-driven) origin (as opposed to "local convection").
Govinda Damodara Madhaveti is a famous prayer written by Bilvamangala
Thakura, the famous blind Vaishnava saint. Bilvamangala was a devotee in
his previous birth. But in his birth as Bilvamangala, he forgot
devotional service and became completely engaged in sense-gratification.
Completely attached to women, he had many mistresses.
On a
stormy night, in torrential rain, he swam across a river, climbed across
the compound wall and with great difficulty, managed to reach his
mistress' chamber. His mistress, astounded that this man had come to
visit her in such scray weather, exclaimed, "If only you had a bit of
this attachement for Krishna......" On hearing this exclamation,
Bilvamangala immediately had an awakening of senses. He left for holy
places immediately, seeing his mistress as his first teacher. Because
she was the one who taught him the first step to Krishna Consciousness
in his present birth.
Even while worshipping Krishna in holy
places, he could not control his attraction to women. He thus poked out
both his eyes, blinded himself and for the rest of his life, lived
happily as a Krishna-conscious saint. His famous prayer, Govinda
Damodara Madhaveti is simply a classic. An artist's true talent
comes out only when he is performing in front of a captive audience and
this is such a recordings of Panditji. The doyen of the Mewati Gharana,
Sangeet Martand, Pandit Jasraj is one of the foremost vocalists in the
Indian classical music scene today.He has sung this Krishna stotra in an
amazing way.
The one who keeps his lotus like feet on his lotus like mouth with his lotus like hand, I think of Balamukundan who sleeps on the vata pathra leaf. (1)
Shree krishna Govind
Hare Murari
Jai Nath Narayan Vasudev
Mangalacharan
vikretukama kila gopa-kanya
murari-padarpita-citta-vrttih
dadhyadikam mohavasad avocad
govinda damodara madhaveti
Though desiring to sell milk, dahi, butter, etc., the mind of a young gopi was so absorbed in the lotus feet of Krsna that instead of calling out Milk for sale, she bewilderedly said, Govinda!, Damodara!, and Madhava!
In house after house, groups of gopis gather on various occasions, and together they always chant the transcendental names of KrsnaGovinda, Damodara, and Madhava.
Devarsi Narada and other munis are always surrendered to Lord Visnu, who happily rests upon His couch. They always chant the names of Govinda, Damodara, and Madhava, and thus they attain spiritual forms similar to His.
O my tongue, always worship these beautiful, enchanting names of Krsna, Govinda, Damodara, and Madhava, which destroy all the obstacles of the devotees.
sukhavasane tv idam eva saram
duhkhavasane tv idam eva geyam
dehavasane tv idam eva japyam
govinda damodara madhaveti
Indeed, this is the essence found upon ceasing the affairs of mundane happiness. And this too is to be sung after the cessation of all sufferings. This alone is to be chanted at the time of death of ones material bodyGovinda, Damodara, Madhava!
sri krsna radhavara gokulesa
gopala govardhana-natha visno
jihve pibasvamrtam etad eva
govinda damodara madhaveti
O tongue, utter only these nectarean names, Çri Krsna, dearmost of Çri Radha, Lord of Gokula, Gopala, Lord of Govardhana, Visnu, Govinda, Damodara, and Madhava.
tvam eva yace mama dehi jihve
samagate dandadhare krtante
vaktavyam evam madhuram su-bhaktya
govinda damodara madhaveti
O my tongue, I ask only this, that upon my meeting the bearer of the scepter of chastisement (Yamaraja), you will utter this sweet phrase with great devotion: Govinda, Damodara, Madhava!
O my tongue, you are fond of sweet things and are of discriminating taste; I tell you the highest truth, which is also the most beneficial. Please just recite these sweet syllables: Govinda, Damodara, and Madhava.
